Enforcement & Bankruptcy Law

Enforcement and bankruptcy law governs the collection of debts with the assistance of the state and is regulated by the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Law No. 2004.

A creditor may initiate enforcement proceedings based on a court judgment or without one; special procedures exist for negotiable instruments such as cheques and promissory notes. In the general procedure, the debtor may object within seven days of the payment order being served (Art. 62).

If the debtor objects, the creditor may bring an action to annul the objection (Art. 67) or apply for the objection to be lifted (Art. 68). A debtor who disputes the debt may bring an action for a negative declaration (Art. 72). Foreign creditors can pursue claims in Türkiye through a lawyer holding a power of attorney.